Page 30 - SREENARAYANAGURU OPEN UNIVERSITY

Essential features of research

Systematic, methodical process - Research follows
organised, structured methods rather than random
or haphazard approaches. The steps are logical and
meticulously planned.

Empirical - Research relies on direct experience,
observations and measurement of phenomena rather
than pure reasoning or conjecture. Data and evidence are
critical.
Research features Self-correcting - As new evidence emerges, conclusions

are subject to revision and adjustment. Research is an
ongoing process.

Sceptical - Researchers take a questioning approach
rather than one that assumes truth. Claims/findings require
thorough investigation and validation.

Ethical - Research design and conduct adhere to
professional, legal, and social standards and values. Ethics
are paramount, especially for human subjects.

Research makes use of an array of methods and study
designs depending on the topic, discipline, scope and
approach. Common research types include quantitative,
Diverse methods qualitative, experimental, observational, applied and basic
and designs research. Data collection methods include surveys, interviews,
focus groups, laboratory experiments, field research and
more. Data analysis utilises statistics, modelling, content
analysis and other techniques.

“The more I learn, the less I know”: Jeffrey Rasley

The motives, funding and dissemination of research vary
tremendously. Research takes place in universities, private
companies, government agencies, non-profit organisations
Varied motives and more. Reasons range from curiosity, necessity and
and impact commercial applications, to policy-making. Research boosts
innovation, drives social progress, improves lives and
furthers human understanding of ourselves and the world we
inhabit. It is a defining human activity that will continue to
evolve.

24 SGOU - SLM - Foundational Skills for Research and Writing